Factors Associated with HIV-related Stigma among Adults in Taiwan: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Objectives: The purpose of this cross-sectional study by online survey was to explore factors associated with HIV-related stigma among adults in Taiwan.

Methods: From May to June, 2020, a total of 1,422 respondents completed the online structured questionnaire, which included an assessment of HIV-related experience, HIV knowledge scale (HIV-KQ-18), HIV-related stigma scale and socio-demographic characteristics. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were used.

Results: The mean score of respondents on the HIV-related stigma was 2.44 (SD=0.51) out of a score range from 1 to 5. Respondents who were males, older, less educated, married, divorced, heterosexual, homosexual, had religious beliefs, and non-healthcare professionals had higher levels of stigma. HIV knowledge and HIV-related experience had statistically significant negative associations with levels of HIV-related stigma. Gender, sexual orientation, levels of HIV knowledge and HIV-related experience were associated with levels of HIV-related stigma after multiple regression analysis.

Conclusions: This study identified factors associated with HIV-related stigma varied by gender, sexual orientation, levels of HIV knowledge and HIV-related experience. The findings of this study suggest that stigma-reduction interventions, such as disseminating accurate information via online social media platforms to enhance HIV-related knowledge, are greatly needed to destigmatize people living with HIV/AIDS and provide greater support for them.